PeroSeminar | 09 October 2025

One of the primary sources of instability of PSCs is the halide anion migration in the perovskite layer, causing a lack of stability of the perovskite crystal structure, which results in reduction of PCE. Undesirable ion migration can be eliminated through advancements in PSC architecture, such as proper design of electron and hole transport layers and incorporation of nanoparticle additives such as carbon dots (CDs) into the perovskite layer. This study has shown that negatively charged amphiphilic CDs with many aliphatic, carbonyl, and hydroxyl groups at the surface are effective in suppressing the iodide migration process and thus improve the performance and stability of PSCs based on FACsPbI3. As a result, PSCs with amphiphilic poly(ethylene glycol)-covered CDs demonstrate an increase in the maximum short-circuit current and suppressed hysteresis between forward and reverse scans. These improvements result in a maximum PCE of such PSCs of 15%, which is 29% higher as compared to the maximum value of PCE for the reference device without any CDs.